Danksharding & Proto-Danksharding: Ethereum Scalability Solutions

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Bittime - Ethereum, the leading blockchain platform for decentralized applications (dApps), has experienced a surge in popularity in recent years.

However, it causes scalability problems, such as network congestion and high transaction fees. To solve this problem, the Ethereum team is developing an innovative solution called danksharding andproto-danksharding.

What is Danksharding?

Danksharding is a long-term scalability solution for Ethereum that aims to significantly increase network throughput.

Danksharding divides the Ethereum blockchain into several independent parts (shards). Each shard processes transactions in parallel, increasing the overall capacity of the network.

What is Proto-Danksharding?

Proto-danksharding is an intermediate step towards full danksharding. This implementation, approved as part of EIP-4844, allows rollup, a popular Layer 2 solution, to attach blobs of data to Ethereum blocks. These blobs contain compressed transaction data, thereby reducing the space required on the main blockchain.

Benefits of Danksharding and Proto-Danksharding

• Increase throughput:

  Danksharding allows Ethereum to process more transactions per second, thereby reducing network congestion.

• Lower transaction costs:

  As throughput increases, transaction fees on Ethereum are expected to drop significantly.

• Increase efficiency:

  Danksharding and proto-danksharding allow rollups to operate more efficiently, improving the scalability and security of dApps.

Implementation of Danksharding and Proto-Danksharding

Proto-danksharding was enabled on the Goerli testnet in January 2024. Implementation on the Ethereum mainnet is expected to occur in 2024 or 2025. Full danksharding is still under development, and implementation is expected to take several more years.

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How Danksharding and Proto-Danksharding Work

Danksharding

1. Shard Distribution:

   The Ethereum blockchain is divided into several independent shards.

2. Transaction Assignment:

   Transactions are directed to specific shards based on the sender's or recipient's address.

3. Parallel Processing:

   Each shard processes transactions in parallel, increasing overall network throughput.

4. Validation and Consensus:

   Transaction validity is verified and consensus is reached on each shard.

5. Finalization:

   The results of each shard are combined and finalized on the main blockchain.

Proto-Danksharding

1. Blob Transactions:

   Rollups attach a blob of compressed data to an Ethereum block.

2. Blob Storage:

   Blobs are stored in Ethereum's consensus layer for 1-3 months.

3. Light Verification:

   Ethereum nodes only need to verify short proofs (zk-SNARKs) to validate blob data.

4. Cost reduction:

   More efficient data storage and verification lowers transaction costs for rollups.

Danksharding and Proto-Danksharding Introduce Blob Data to Ethereum

Danksharding and proto-danksharding introduce blob data to Ethereum to address some of the scalability issues facing the network today. Here are some of the main reasons:

1. Improve Security

Blob data can help improve Ethereum security. Blob data is stored in the Ethereum consensus layer, which is separate from the main blockchain. This makes it difficult for attackers to manipulate data or compromise the network.

2. Preparing Ethereum for the Future

Blob data is an important step in Ethereum's preparation for the future. Danksharding, a long-term scalability solution for Ethereum, will use blob data to achieve significant scalability.

Proto-danksharding, an intermediate step to Danksharding, allows rollups to exploit the benefits of blob data.

Conclusion

Danksharding and proto-danksharding are promising scalability solutions for Ethereum. Implementation of this solution will increase throughput, lower transaction costs, and improve network efficiency.

This will pave the way for wider adoption of Ethereum and growth of the dApps ecosystem.

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